- THE BEST CBD GUMMIES FOR 2022 - August 2, 2022
- THE BEST CBD VAPE OILS FOR 2022 - June 29, 2022
- THE BEST FULL SPECTRUM CBD OIL FOR 2022 - June 10, 2022
Medically Reviewed
There are three types of CBD oil, and the full-spectrum formulated version happens to be among the most sought. It allows CBD users to enjoy CBD with all other cannabinoids in hemp plants, terpenes, and flavonoids. Thus, people believe in its therapy and take it to manage pain, sleep issues, and anxiety, among other challenges. This article helps you find the best full-spectrum CBD oil in 2022.
If you are a CBD oil fan, you may already know that the oils come in three formulations based on their composition. You can go for isolate-based, full- or broad-spectrum CBD oils. The last two have terpenes, flavonoids, and additional cannabinoids, while full-spectrum CBD has THC as part of the extra cannabinoids, which broad-spectrum CBD oil does not have.
Because of the multiple compounds in full-spectrum CBD oil, studies link it to a full entourage effect, and many take it for pain, inflammation, and sleep quality. This article is about full-spectrum CBD oil; it focuses on shedding light on what it means, how it works, its benefits, cons, and the common questions about it. Besides, it looks at the criterion used to select the best full-spectrum CBD oil and shares a list of the top products in this category. First, let’s see the basics of the primary compound- CBD.
THE BASICS OF CBD
Since CBD has become part of the mainstream and is appreciated in the kitchen, skincare, and the major world’s industry, there is every need for people to have the right information about it. Despite its massive popularity, CBD is yet to be fully understood and what we know about it so far is like a handful in a whole lot of the sandy ocean. Massi et al. (2006) defined CBD as a non-psychoactive chemical compound in cannabis plants. Watt & Karl (2017) added that it is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid known for its therapeutic properties.
Cannabinoids are the active chemical compounds in cannabis plants. There are more than 100 cannabinoids in nature, and CBD remains at the top for its non-psychoactive and therapeutic properties. Unlike THC, another cannabinoid that Schlienz et al. (2018) described as psychoactive, CBD does not cause you a high effect felt when smoking weed.
WHAT IS FULL-SPECTRUM CBD OIL?
There are many ways of taking CBD to the boy, and CBD is one. It is the oil-based dilute form of the non-psychoactive CBD that one adds to food or administers orally or sublingually to benefit from CBD. There are three types of CBD oil you must know before going to shop for the oil;
- Full-spectrum CBD oil; is the most sought-for CBD oil. It has CBD, terpenes, flavonoids, and the whole range of cannabinoids in hemp plants, including THC. VanDolah et al. (2019) reported that the many compounds in full-spectrum CBD oil are linked to a full entourage effect.
- Broad-spectrum CBD oil; is more like the full-spectrum CBD oil in composition but does not have THC as part of the additional cannabinoids. It does not make you high or show up in drug tests and is best if you need a THC-free full entourage effect.
- Isolate-based CBD oil; features pure CBD without terpenes, flavonoids, or additional cannabinoids. Many CBD newcomers prefer it over the other two formulations since it is less earthy and has no terpenes.
Full-spectrum CBD oil delivers CBD to the body orally or sublingually. It allows you to benefit from CBD and the whole range of cannabinoids in cannabis plants and has THC as part of the extra compounds.
HOW DOES FULL-SPECTRUM CBD OIL WORK?
When you administer full-spectrum CBD oil orally or sublingually, the CBD in it reaches the bloodstream, where it interacts with the body to produce desired effects. How does CBD work? According to Mechoulam & Parker (2013), the human body and other life forms have a network of endocannabinoids, endocannabinoid receptors, and enzymes forming the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The receptors are located all over the body and in the critical organs, and according to Zou & Kumar (2018), many critical processes like digestion, mood changes, pain management, and satiety depend on the system.
As long as the ECS keeps working, the critical processes depending on the system are kept in equilibrium. However, endocannabinoids are destroyed like cells, and when this happens, the processes relying on the ECS ate disrupted. This is where external cannabinoids like THC and CBD come in handy. THC binds to the cannabinoid receptors, resulting in the positive effects linked to it. Although Mechoulam & Parker (2013) found that the CBD-ECS interaction has positive effects, studies have yet to narrow it down to CBD and explain how it interacts with the ECS.
THE CONCEPT OF BIOAVAILABILITY AND FULL-SPECTRUM CBD OIL
If you anticipate joining the CBD regime and picking on full-spectrum CBD oil to be your favorite pick, you need to understand a few terms. For instance, what is bioavailability in the CBD field? It refers to how much CBD the body benefits from. Of all the CBD delivery methods, vape oils and CBD oil are among the most bioavailable options. Yet, no single method is 100% bioavailable. CBD oil is second to CBD vape oils in the bioavailability index, and it allows the body to take as much CBD as possible. Besides, administering CBD oil sublingually boosts bioavailability since the blood vessels under the tongue allow the oil to reach the system quickly.
BENEFITS OF FULL-SPECTRUM CBD OIL
Full-spectrum CBD oil boasts many benefits, so many users opt for it to deliver CBD to the body. Here are a few reasons why people take full-spectrum CBD oil, although the claims need more studies with scientific evidence to prove them true;
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Pain Management
Many CBD users take full-spectrum CBD oil to manage pain. From headaches and mild pain to severe pains in the case of arthritis and cancer. Can CBD oil treat pain? According to Costa et al. (2007), CBD has powerful anti-inflammatory properties and can fight pain. Vučković et al. (2018) examined CBD studies from 1975 to March 2018 and reported that the cannabinoid can manage chronic and acute pains.
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Managing Stress and Depression
People are stressed more than ever because of the world conditions that never seem to get better. Meanwhile, the medications for stress and depression are either too expensive for people who need them or a source of more affliction when they result in negative effects. Can CBD oil help with depression and stress? According to Silote et al. (2019), CBD oil is better than conventional antidepressants. Besides, García-Gutiérrez et al. (2020) reported that it can help with many things, including stress and depression.
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Managing Anxiety
Anxiety is like fire, it can be helpful when it moves you into action when the flight/fight hormone is secreted, but its effects can be detrimental when it continues unchecked. Can you take full-spectrum CBD oil to help with anxiety? In a public speaking test, Linares et al. (2019) reported that CBD oil helped relax people. Shannon et al. (2019) also reported the same.
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Cancer Treatment
Cancer is one of the top killer diseases, and we have gotten used to people claiming that this or that can treat cancer. The condition is characterized by the overgrowth of cells, and when the body cannot control it anymore, it wreaks havoc on the body and threatens the loss of lives. Can you take full-spectrum CBD oil to manage cancer? According to Shrivastava et al. (2011), CBD oil led to the death of breast cancer cells, suggesting that the cannabinoid can improve cancer.
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Better Sleep Quality
Did you know that many CBD users are into the cannabinoid to help them sleep better? A Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report showed that more than a third of the US adults are not getting enough sleep or have a sleep disorder. Can full-spectrum CBD oil improve your sleep? According to Murillo-Rodriguez et al. (2014), CBD can control the circadian rhythm and the wake-sleep cycle, resulting in better sleep quality.
SIDE EFFECTS OF FULL-SPECTRUM CBD OIL
What are the side effects of CBD in general and full-spectrum CBD oil, to be specific? According to Corroon & Phillips (2018), CBD has a great safety profile. This suggests that the cannabinoid is not a dangerous chemical. Yet, like any other chemical, CBD oil has positive and negative sides.
Even with the many benefits, the cannabinoid does not just tick all the boxes. Besides, the lack of regulation in the CBD industry also affects CBD oils, making it possible to land substandard products in the hemp space. Moreover, most studies on full-spectrum CBD oil that see the cannabinoid helping with this or that are based on animals. If we are to be 100% doubtless about the potential of full-spectrum oil, we need more research focusing on human cells.
PROS OF FULL-SPECTRUM CBD OIL
One benefit of full-spectrum CBD oil is that it allows you to take advantage of CBD alongside a whole range of cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids in hemp plants. Still, most full-spectrum CBD oils have less than 0.3% THC and will not make you high. We cannot fail to acknowledge the high bioavailability of full-spectrum CBD oil.
Taking CBD through full-spectrum CBD oil allows the cells to take as much CBD as possible. Besides, when administered sublingually, full-spectrum CBD oils allow CBD to be delivered to the bloodstream quickly, allowing the effects to surface in time. If you want CBD effects to take charge fast, you can take CBD oils, specifically, the full-spectrum formulated types.
Although they may be bitter, some brands offer the oils in flavored options, allowing you to mask the bitter taste of the cannabinoid. Since there are many CBD companies, another pro of full-spectrum CBD oils is that they allow variety. You can enjoy them in different colors, flavors, and strengths and cater to the unique needs of all CBD users.
CONS OF FULL-SPECTRUM CBD OIL
One challenge with full-spectrum CBD oils is that they are bitter and earthy. Remember, they are full-spectrum formulated because they have terpenes which add the hemp and bitter taste to them. Besides, full-spectrum CBD oils have high bioavailability, but this does not mean they allow the cells to take all CBD in them.
The lack of CBD regulation also affects full-spectrum CBD oil, and even as you take it, it is still challenging to gauge its legitimacy. Better yet, the brands whose full-spectrum CBD oils have been recommended in this article conduct 3rd party tests on the oils and offer a CoA as proof of the tests and to reveal the cannabinoid profile and the contaminant status of the oils.
FINDING THE BEST FULL-SPECTRUM CBD OIL
The CBD world boasts many CBD brands, most of which feature full-spectrum CBD oil as a critical element of their inventories. Thus, finding the best full-spectrum CBD oil can be challenging. In selecting our best CBD oils in this article, we focused on the following factors, which you might also pay attention to as you shop for your full-spectrum CBD oils;
- CBD source; reputable brands source their CBD from hemp and ensure that the total THC concentration in the extracts is less than 0.3%.
- Extraction method; clean extraction methods boost the purity profiles of full-spectrum CBD oils and ensure they have no contaminants or solvent traces.
- CBD potency; CBD users have varying CBD needs depending on why they are taking CBD oil, the severity of their condition, and their metabolism. Whether you are new to the CBD regime or have been taking the cannabinoid for some time, you must choose potencies that match your needs.
- Ingredient list; check the ingredient list of the full-spectrum CBD oil you want to order and ensure that you are not allergic to any component.
- Contaminant purity; ensure that the CBD oil you want to buy is pure and passes tests for all standard contaminants, including solvents, heavy metals, and toxins.
- Environmental factors; focus on CBD companies that offer high-quality organic CBD oils.
- 3rd party tests; you can confirm all the factors above using a CoA generated after 3rd party tests. It is usually posted on the brand’s website, and if not, you can request it through the chat box or emails.
TOP 25 BRANDS FOR FULL-SPECTRUM CBD OIL
JUSTCBD
- Flavor: Natural, Mint, Mint Chocolate, Lemon Lime, Peach Nectar
- CBD potency: 50mg – 5000mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $9.99 – $144.99
Having seen its inception in 2017, JustCBD boasts 5 years of experience in the hemp space. It boasts a large inventory of delta- 8 and CBD products, offering vapes, gummies, and oils for both cannabinoids.
Its full-spectrum CBD oils are Kosher-grade and ideal for the Jewish community. Besides, they are all tested by 3rd party, and the results are posted online under the Lab Reports section.
JustCBD full-spectrum CBD oils come in 50 mg- 5000 mg CBD concentration and are prepared with novice and veteran users in mind. There are flavored and unflavored options, and the brand releases more products.
HALF DAY CBD
- CBD type: Full-spectrum
- Flavor: Natural
- CBD potency: 500mg – 2000mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $39.99
Half-Day CBD may not have the largest CBD inventory but boasts quality for whatever it can offer.
Its full-spectrum CBD oils come in herbal and citric flavors and are all naturally flavored. The company was launched by two brothers-in-law, Dave DiCosola and Kam Norwood, who believed in CBD therapy.
Great organizations like The Buzz Feed and Forbes have recommended Half Day CBD as one of the best brands. Recently, it ranked top in the Chicago Magazine for the best CBD brands. Its full-spectrum CBD oils are potent and feature a 1000- 2000 mg concentration range, ideal for veteran CBD users.
CBD CANNAFYL
- Flavor: Fruit, Peppermint, Lavender, Orange,
- CBD potency: 500mg – 2500mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $29.95 – $199.95
At Cannafyl, you can save costs in purchases by buying full-spectrum CBD oils. The brand offers free shipping for all orders, with many offers and discounts to tap on. Its perfect lavender full-spectrum CBD oil is one of the best on the market. It is 3rd party tested, and the results and posted online for easy viewership.
The oils come in multiple strength options; you can enjoy them in 500, 1000, and 1500 mg. The lavender full-spectrum CBD oil is great for nighttime and recommended for sleep problems.
The oils come in 15 or 30 ml bottles, with the latter being less potent. Because of the variation in the CBD potencies and concentrations, the brand’s oil sells for $49.25- $144.25, a wide price range catering to CBD users with different purchasing powers.
ALPINOLS
- Flavor: Fruit, Peppermint, Lavender, Orange,
- CBD potency: 300mg – 6000mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $29.00 – $399.00
Alpinols is a Swiss CBD company sourcing hemp from Europe and the US. The team comprises individuals with 25 years of experience in the food industry and 15 years of growing hemp.
The oils are flavored in mint, orange, aqua, and lime, allowing you to enjoy CBD with flavor and taste. They are 90% bioavailable and have less than 0.3% THC.
Thus, administering them helps you benefit from CBD without feeling its high effects. The brand’s website shows that full-spectrum CBD oils can help with headaches, helping your focus better.
HEALTH ROOT
- Flavor: Tincture, Peppermint, Citrus, Berry, Natural
- CBD potency: 500mg – 3000mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $40.00 – $120.00
Healthy Roots’ full-spectrum CBD oils come in multiple flavors, including peppermint, natural, and berry.
The company uses proprietary blends and small batches to produce its high-quality CBD oils.
The two-process production ensures the resulting cannabinoids are high in cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids but with no artificial ingredients.
FOCO ORGANICS
- Flavor: Tincture, Peppermint, Citrus, Berry, Natural
- CBD potency: 500mg – 2500mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $40.00 – $128.00
FOCO organics is a woman-owned CBD brand with high-quality full-spectrum CBD oil. Its oils are manufactured in small batches, allowing high quality in them. If you don’t like flavored oils, you can enjoy them in unflavored options. However, if you find the unflavored full-spectrum CBD oil too earthy or bitter, you can opt for flavored oils. They include coconut, mint, and orange, allowing you to enjoy CBD in flavor and taste.
FOCO Organics deals in some of the best full-spectrum CBD oils, featuring a wide potency range of 1200 mg- 2500 mg, catering to the needs of CBD vets and novices. According to the company’s website, FOCO Organics’ full-spectrum is uniquely blended and formulated to help uplift your moods.
This is in line with Piomelli & Russo (2016), who found the cannabinoid great for uplifting moods. They are also said to help with inflammation, in line with Hammell et al. (2016) that found the cannabinoid good for fighting inflammation. Moreover, the full-spectrum CBD oils are made from USDA-certified hemp, assuring you of their safety as you consume them.
OJAI ENERGETICS
- Flavor: Hemp Elixir,
- CBD potency: 250mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $74.95
Ojai Energetics offers high-quality CBD products, including its full-spectrum CBD oil. It features a 250 mg CBD concentration, ideal for newcomers to the CBD regime. Besides, they are flavored, and you can enjoy them in elixir, acerola, and cherry flavor. Elixir-flavored full-spectrum CBD oil is yellow in color since it is blended with chlorophyll and phytonutrients.
The brand is almost a decade old in the hemp space since its inception in 2014. The accumulated years of experience mean that CBD users are more confident in what the company offers. If you choose the acerola full-spectrum CBD oil, you will enjoy a zesty, tasty, and refreshing taste. All the oils are tested by 3rd parties, and the results are posted online on the brand’s website.
LAZARUS NATURALS
- Flavor: Classic, Yuzu, Candy Cane, Chocolate Mint, French Vanilla Mocha, Blood Orange
- CBD potency: 500mg – 3000mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $20.00 – $120.00
Lazarus Naturals is one of the best CBD brands, boasting extravagant CBD inventories.
The company offers just any CBD delivery method you would want, from CBD oils to CBD gummies. Its full-spectrum CBD oils come in large potency ranges, allowing CBD vets and novices to have something that meets their varying CBD needs.
All products in the brand’s inventory are tested by 3rd parties, and the results are posted online.
GREEN RIVER BOTANICALS
- Flavor: Lemon Ginger, Blend, Chai, Mango, Natural
- CBD potency: 500mg – 3000mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $20.00 – $110.00
The Green River Botanicals produces high-quality full-spectrum CBD oils with MCT oil for maximum bioavailability.
They come in the 500 mg- 3000 mg CBD potency range, taking care of novices and veterans. The $20- $110 price range means CBD users with varying purchasing powers can get the potency choice they desire.
FULL CIRCLE HEMP
- Flavor: mint, blackseed, cardamom, lavender, frankincense
- CBD potency: 500mg – 3000mg
- COA: Available online
- Price: Starts at $33.68 – $53.68
Incepted in 2015, Full Circle Hemp has the mission of finding the turnkey solution for the production of CBD capsules, tinctures, and packaging materials.
With a good number of years in the hemp space, it boasts high-quality full-spectrum CBD oil in 500- 6000 mg concentrations and is made from the US and Europe hemp.
The oils come in 10 and 30-ml bottles and are made with the strictest regulations in mind.
CONCLUSION
People find full-spectrum CBD oil great for delivering CBD. It has not only CBD but terpenes, flavonoids, and additional cannabinoids like THC, CBN, CBT, and CBG.
Because of the multiple compounds, full-spectrum CBD oil is linked to a full entourage effect, and people take it for pain, cancer, anxiety, stress, depression, and sleep problems, among many other health challenges. Studies see potential in full-spectrum CBD oil and believe it may help with each of these, but more research is needed to prove them true.
This article looks at full-spectrum CBD oil, addressing questions like how it works, its benefits, side effects, and how it compares with the other CBD delivery methods. It also shares information on choosing the best full-spectrum CBD oil and wraps it up by giving a list of the best full-spectrum CBD oils.
Frequently Asked Questions about CBD Oils
People have man misconceived ideas about full-spectrum CBD oil. Some think it is superior to other deliverable methods, while others claim that taking it will make you feel high. Here are the answers to the many questions you may have about full-spectrum CBD oils;
There is no one-size-fits-all in the case of full-spectrum CBD oils. Rather, what might be enough for one user might be too much for another. Thus, the amount of full-spectrum CBD oil you want to take depends on your CBD exposure or history, CBD metabolism, the strength of the oil, why you are taking it, and the severity of the condition, among many other factors.
High CBD metabolism and a long history of taking the cannabinoid may mean that you can comfortably take more CBD than another user trying the cannabinoid for the first time. When taking full-spectrum CBD oil for general well-being, a drop might be enough for the day. However, CBD oil for health conditions might need a routine and be taken more than once a day.
According to Schlienz et al. (2018), THC is psychoactive and can make you feel high as when you smoke weed. Is the same true of full-spectrum CBD oil? Massi et al. (2006) stated that CBD is non-psychoactive and will not make you high. Technically, CBD should not make you feel high. However, this is not all; the THC concentration of CBD oil matters.
The higher the THC concentration in your full-spectrum CBD oil, the higher the chances of getting high from the cannabinoid. Thankfully, all the CBD oils in this article have less than 0.3% THC, and taking them will not make you high.
Do you have to avoid full-spectrum CBD oils because they will make you fail drug tests? You need to understand how drug tests work. They use urine, saliva, hair, and blood, among many other specimens, and look for THC or THC metabolites.
Full-spectrum CBD oil has THC as part of the additional compounds, so the chances of it making you fail drug tests are high. Regardless of the THC concentration in the full-spectrum CBD oil, it will show up in drug tests if it surpasses the minimum threshold for the positive drug test results.
How long will you wait for the full-spectrum CBD oil to produce the desired effects? One user might experience the effects in 10 minutes or less, while another might take up to 30 minutes to realize the effects. As with the amounts of CBD oil one needs to take, the time it takes the full-spectrum CBD oil to work varies among individuals and is influenced by many factors, including the strength of the oil, how much you took, a person’s CBD metabolism, CBD history, and body factors.
If the cells can metabolize CBD fast, the effects will likely surface in no time. Besides, as you get used to full-spectrum CBD oil, the body learns to process it fast, so the effects take a shorter time to surface than when you are new to the cannabinoid. Instead of getting worried about the effects and taking more CBD oil when the effects take long, be patient with the cannabinoid.
Other than bioavailability, the concept of CBD potency matters if you are going to focus on full-spectrum CBD oil as your key method to deliver the cannabinoid to the body.
CBD potency refers to the strength of CBD per ml of the oil. It is established by dividing the total CBD concentration by the bottle’s volume and can be low, medium, or high. For instance, a 30 ml bottle with 600 mg CBD is 20 mg/ml potent.
When new to the CBD regime, you need to focus on low-potency CBD options until the system gets used to the cannabinoid, allowing you to take more. Meanwhile, veteran CBD users may be comfortable with more potent options administered in low amounts, and effects are felt in no time.
How long do CBD effects last after surfacing? CBD products are expensive, and full-spectrum CBD oils are no exception. Thus, you need to focus on products that will last long.
Generally, CBD effects can last 2- 6 hours. Full-spectrum CBD oils are among the key delivery methods that allow the effects to last longer. Still, many factors come to play in determining how long the effects last.
For instance, fast metabolism means that effects will be felt fast, but they may not last long. Besides, high-potency options allow CBD effects to surface fast and last long. Even so, a person’s inherent qualities matter. If the genetic makeup compels the effects to last long, you will feel CBD effects long after taking the oils. You gauge how long CBD effects last by taking the cannabinoid and waiting on the effects.
CBD oils have become popular for delivering CBD because they boast high bioavailability. Meanwhile, many CBD fans choose CBD gummies, specifically if they find the oil’s bitter taste difficult to bear. How do CBD gummies and full-spectrum CBD oils compare? In terms of bioavailability and delivering CBD effects fast, we give full-spectrum CBD oil the day’s cake.
However, when it comes to taste and flavor, we definitely vouch for CBD gummies, which compromise bioavailability but allow taste. Thus, the two are great CBD delivery methods. Your choice of the method you will go for depends on your preferences, whether you focus more on bioavailability or taste.
Full-spectrum CBD oil is just one form of CBD oil; the other two are isolate-based and broad-spectrum CBD oils. Is full-spectrum CBD better than the other two formulations? Not really; rather, the variations mean to cater to the needs of CBD users with varying needs.
For instance, if you want a full entourage effect with and without THC, you will go for full or broad-spectrum CBD oils.
Meanwhile, if you cannot put up with the earthiness of terpenes and additional compounds in CBD, you will go for the isolate-based formulation. Ultimately, the three CBD formulations ensure that CBD users with varying needs have something that meets their needs.
Commenting on the safety of CBD products, Corroon & Phillips (2018) said that CBD has a healthy safety profile, suggesting that there is literally no big deal with taking it. However, since the FDA has not assumed the responsibility of producing CBD oil, telling how legit CBD brands are can be challenging.
However, thanks to the 3rd party test results, you can tell CBD oil’s cannabinoid profile and contaminant purity status before ordering them. Still, until the FDA takes over the CBD industry, we cannot say that full-spectrum CBD oil is 100% safe.
Do you want to take full-spectrum CBD oil but find it hard to put up with the earthy taste of the cannabinoid? Worry not; there are tips on masking the bitter taste of the cannabinoid, and if they fail, you will find solace in knowing there are alternatives you can go for. For instance;
- Put the CBD oil in an empty capsule and mask the taste, although the method delays delivery
- Opt for flavored full-spectrum CBD oils if it is ok with you
- Brush well before and after administering full-spectrum CBD oil to avoid feeling the effects for long
- Take CBD capsules instead of full-spectrum CBD oils since they deliver CBD without earthiness but delay the effects a bit
- Put a drop of honey below the tongue as you take the full-spectrum CBD oil; the two blend and neutralize the earthy taste
- Take edibles like mints after the oil to brush off the bitter and earthy taste
- Opt for CBD gummies or other edibles, although they will delay the effects since the cannabinoid is digested first
References
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sleep and Sleep Disorders.
- Corroon, J., & Phillips, J. A. (2018). A Cross-Sectional Study of Cannabidiol Users. Cannabis and cannabinoid research, 3((1), 152–161.
- Costa, B., Trovato, A. E., Comelli, F., Giagnoni, G., & Colleoni, M. (2007). The non-psychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is an orally effective therapeutic agent in rat chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. European journal of pharmacology, 556(1-3), 75–83.
- García-Gutiérrez, M. S., Navarrete, F., Gasparyan, A., Austrich-Olivares, A., Sala, F., & Manzanares, J. (2020). Cannabidiol: a potential new alternative for the treatment of anxiety, depression, and psychotic disorders. Biomolecules, 10(11), 1575.
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